The LMC555CN is a low power 555 CMOS timer in 8 pin DIP package. It is used for generating accurate time delays and oscillation. This device is a CMOS version of industry standard 555 series general purpose timers. The LMC555CN offers same capability of generating accurate time delays and frequencies as LM555 but with much low power dissipation and supply current spikes. When operated as one. LTspice® is a powerful, fast and free simulation software, schematic capture and waveform viewer with enhancements and models for improving the simulation of analog circuits. LTspice provides macromodels for most of Analog Devices’ switching regulators, linear regulators, amplifiers, as well as a library of devices for general circuit.
The National Instruments SPICE Simulation Fundamentals series is your free resource on the internet for learning about circuit simulation. The series is a set of tutorials and information on SPICE simulation, OrCAD pSPICE compatibility, SPICE modeling, and other concepts in circuit simulation.
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For more information, see the SPICE Simulation Fundamentals main page.
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The series is divided among a number of in-depth detailed articles that will give you HOWTO information on the important concepts and details of SPICE simulation.
Circuit simulation is an important part of any design process. By simulating your circuits, you can detect errors early in the process, and avoid costly and time consuming prototype reworking. You can also easily swap components to evaluate designs with varying bills of materials (BOMs).
An important key to performing accurate and successful SPICE simulation is to use high quality SPICE models. While most circuit simulation packages such as Multisim come with thousands of components and SPICE simulation models, frequently designers need to use a part that does not exist in the available database. When these situations arise, the software tool will typically have a way of adding custom components and models to the database. Multisim for example has a detailed component creation wizard that will guide designers through the process of defining custom parts for simulation and PCB layout (See Creating Custom Components in Multisim).
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Ron Fredericks writes: I was designing a simple CMOS timer circuit around a 555 chip this evening. It might be the heart beat for a new digital volume control I have been thinking about. Normally I look for my breadboard and parts box but this time I thought I would try out Linear Technologies LTspice/SwitcherCAD III workbench instead.
SwCAD III First Time Use
The tool is free and comes with a lot of support. I downloaded the software and installed it very easily on my Windows XP PC. It includes a graphical schematic design tool with lots of ready made simulated components, including an NE555 for my initial project. Designing the circuit with the built-in CAD tool works very intuitively. While the LTspice simulation took a bit of head scratching before it worked for me.
I was able to configure and run the simulation using the drop down tools menu and the little “running person” icon on the tool bar. But all I could get out of the simulation was a black screen with voltage and timing ticks along the left and bottom edges. So my first problem was in realizing that the visual display would remain black and traceless until I put the mouse cursor over a wire then click. When the little instrument probe showed up as my mouse icon, I realized what was going on here. With the mouse click, waveform tracings would appear in the black panel.
My second problem was that the circuit would not oscillate. Not good for an oscillator design. First, I forgot to connect the 555’s threshold + trigger pins to the R2-C2 node using the wire tool. But still no oscillation, just flat line traces were observed. Now I already know that getting circuits to oscillate follows Murphy’s Laws: Oscillators remain stable, Amplifies and Buffers oscillate, whenever possible. I found a note on the Old School Hacker blog with a fine solution. You must simulate the circuit with a power supply starting from 0 volts rather than just have an instant on Vcc power supply.
In hind sight dah, its the initial transient response from the circuit’s components that kicks the oscillator into oscillating.
After a little practice I improved the schematic diagram with the use of named nodes and seperation of the temporary load resistors R3 and R load from the more permanent circuit components. The load resistors are just place holders for a real load to be added to the circuit schematic next. Look for my next blog post on this subject.
Finally, I used the cursor measurement facility built into the LTspice window (trace window). With this feature, I was able to make “real” measurements on the waveform for frequency and duty cycle.
Circuit
Here is what I was able to generate using the LTspice/SwitcherCAD III tool:
View larger image>
Download 555 Astable Flip-Flop Schematic Circuit Diagram>
Download 555 Astable Flip-Flop Schematic Circuit Diagram>
Swf to screensaver scout keygen software download. Referring to the figure above:
Green Trace -> Output (IC 555 pin 3)
Blue Trace -> Trigger / Threshold (IC 555 pins 2 & 6)
Red Trace -> Discharge (IC 555 pin 7)
Green Trace -> Output (IC 555 pin 3)
Blue Trace -> Trigger / Threshold (IC 555 pins 2 & 6)
Red Trace -> Discharge (IC 555 pin 7)
The Astable Multivibrator
The circuit shown above will trigger itself and free run as a multivibrator. The capacitor C2 charges through resistors R1 and R2 yet discharges through R2 only. Thus, the duty cycle (D) may be precisely set by the ratio of these two resistors. The capacitor charges and discharges between 1/3 Vcc and 2/3 Vcc. But the initial pulse charges C2 starting from 0 Vcc and so this first pulse duty cycle is unique. Since the charge rate and the threshold levels are directly proportional to the supply voltage Vcc, the frequency of oscillation (f) is independent of the supply voltage.
Frequency Calculation | Duty Cycle Calculation |
---|---|
Measured = 1.8 hertz | Measured = 0.60 |
Where: is frequency in hertz is capacitance in farads is resistance in ohms | Where: is duty cycle is non-zero output duration is the period of the output is resistance |
Reference
- 555 Datasheet icm7555.pdf
- Linear Technology’s SwitcherCAD™ III Landing Page
Astable Multivibrator Ltspice
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